Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of spinning-disk solid sample delivery system for high-repetition rate x-ray free electron laser experiments.

The Review of scientific instruments·2023
Same author

Erratum: Delayed Onset of Nonthermal Melting in Single-Crystal Silicon Pumped with Hard X Rays [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 265701 (2018)].

Physical review letters·2020
Same author

In cellulo crystallization of Trypanosoma brucei IMP dehydrogenase enables the identification of genuine co-factors.

Nature communications·2020
Same author

Experimental 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections.

IUCrJ·2019
Same author

Delayed Onset of Nonthermal Melting in Single-Crystal Silicon Pumped with Hard X Rays.

Physical review letters·2018
Same author

Structures of riboswitch RNA reaction states by mix-and-inject XFEL serial crystallography.

Nature·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

Single-particle structure determination by correlations of snapshot X-ray diffraction patterns.

D Starodub1, A Aquila, S Bajt

  • 1PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA. starodub@slac.stanford.edu

Nature Communications
|December 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel 3D spatial frequency correlation analysis for reconstructing nanoparticle structures from X-ray diffraction data. This method enables structure determination from noisy, single-particle patterns without needing particle orientation.

More Related Videos

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects
09:16

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects

Published on: June 8, 2016

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene
08:44

Measurements of Long-range Electronic Correlations During Femtosecond Diffraction Experiments Performed on Nanocrystals of Buckminsterfullerene

Published on: August 22, 2017

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects
09:16

X-ray Powder Diffraction in Conservation Science: Towards Routine Crystal Structure Determination of Corrosion Products on Heritage Art Objects

Published on: June 8, 2016

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • X-ray imaging
  • Nanoparticle structure determination
  • Coherent diffractive imaging

Background:

  • Free-electron lasers (FELs) enable diffractive imaging of nanoparticles using ultra-short X-ray pulses.
  • Weak scattering from small particles and random orientations pose challenges for 3D structure reconstruction.
  • Current methods struggle with signal loss and the need for precise orientation data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a new method for synthesizing 3D diffraction volumes from single-particle X-ray diffraction patterns.
  • To overcome limitations of signal weakness and unknown orientations in nanoparticle structure determination.
  • To enable structural analysis of biological macromolecules in solution using this technique.

Main Methods:

  • Application of a novel three-dimensional spatial frequency correlation analysis.
  • Utilized noisy, single-particle femtosecond X-ray diffraction patterns from aerosol-self-assembled polystyrene spheres.
  • Collected data at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS).

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized a 3D diffraction volume from weakly scattering, randomly oriented nanoparticles.
  • The correlation analysis method effectively bypasses the need for explicit orientation determination.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of the technique on unsupported, nearly identical test particles.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D spatial frequency correlation analysis is a powerful tool for nanoparticle structure determination using FELs.
  • This approach significantly simplifies the process by eliminating the requirement for orientation determination.
  • The method holds promise for advancing structural biology, particularly for macromolecules in solution.