Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with(out) ECMO: impaired development at 8 years

To evaluate developmental and social-emotional outcomes at 8 years of age for children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), treated with or without neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) between January 1999 and December 2003.

Cohort study with structural prospective follow-up.

Level III University Hospital.

35 children (ECMO: n=16; non-ECMO: n=19) were assessed at 8 years of age.

None.

Intelligence and motor function. Concentration, behaviour, school performance, competence and health status were also analysed.

Mean (SD) intelligence for the ECMO group was 91.7 (19.5) versus 111.6 (20.9) for the non-ECMO group (p=0.015). Motor problems were apparent in 16% of all participants and differed significantly from the norm (p=0.015) without differences between treatment groups. For all participants, problems with concentration (68%, p<0.001) and with behavioural attention (33%, p=0.021) occurred more frequently than in reference groups, with no difference between treatment groups. School performance and competence were not affected.

Children with CDH-whether or not treated with neonatal ECMO-are at risk for long-term morbidity especially in the areas of motor function and concentration. Despite their impairment, children with CDH have a well-developed feeling of self-competence.