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Published on: December 19, 2020
An overview of thoracic actinomycosis: CT features
Ji-Yeon Han1, Ki-Nam Lee, Jae Kyo Lee
1Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Medical Center, 3-1, Dongdaesin-Dong, Seo-Gu, Busan, 602-715, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Thoracic actinomycosis is an uncommon, chronic suppurative bacterial infection caused by actinomyces species, especially Actinomyces israelii.
Methods:
It is usually seen in immunocompetent patients with respiratory disorders, poor oral hygiene, alcoholism and chronic debilitating diseases.
Results:
We illustrate the radiological manifestations of thoracic actinomycoses in various involved areas in the thorax.
Conclusion:
Thoracic actinomycosis can be radiologically divided into the parenchymal type, the airway type including bronchiectasis, the endobronchial form, and the mediastinum or chest wall involvement type.
Teaching Points:
• Important risk factors for thoracic actinomycosis are underlying respiratory disorders such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. • Different CT patterns can be distinguished in thoracic actinomycosis: parenchymal, bronchiectatic, endobronchial and extrapulmonary. • Typical CT findings in the parenchymal pattern are a central low density within the parenchymal consolidation and adjacent pleural thickening.
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