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Related Experiment Video

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3D Modeling of the Lateral Ventricles and Histological Characterization of Periventricular Tissue in Humans and Mouse

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Published on: May 19, 2015

Brain development and aging: overlapping and unique patterns of change.

Christian K Tamnes¹, Kristine B Walhovd, Anders M Dale

¹Center for the Study of Human Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. c.k.tamnes@psykologi.uio.no

|December 19, 2012

Summary

Brain development and aging show distinct yet overlapping patterns of volume loss. Early-life cortical changes are faster than in aging, with specific vulnerabilities emerging in later life.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Gerontology

Background:

Early-life development profoundly impacts lifelong brain function.
Longitudinal studies comparing brain maturation in development and aging are scarce.
Understanding these trajectories is crucial for neurocognitive health.

Purpose of the Study:

To longitudinally compare brain volume changes during development and aging using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
To identify similarities and differences in cortical and subcortical changes across the lifespan.
To investigate potential links between developmental trajectories and age-related brain atrophy.

Main Methods:

Utilized a novel method for longitudinal volume change measurement.
Analyzed data from two cohorts: development (n=85, ages 8-22) and aging (n=142, ages 60-91).
Employed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess brain maturation and aging patterns.

Main Results:

Developmental cortical volume reductions exceeded 1% annually, more than double the rate in aging, with a posterior-to-anterior gradient.
Cortical reductions were more pronounced than subcortical during development, whereas the reverse was observed in aging.
Converging patterns in medial prefrontal areas suggest vulnerability to atrophy in aging for late-developing cortices.

Conclusions:

Brain volume changes during development and aging exhibit both divergent and convergent patterns.
Late-developing cortical regions may be particularly susceptible to age-related atrophy.
Future research should explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these developmental and aging brain changes.