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High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
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Anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a new, severe and challenging enduring entity
Emma H C W van de Riet1, Maite M Esseveld, Leen Cuypers
1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), PO BOX 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Severe first-onset psychosis in adolescents may indicate anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Early suspicion and diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes in these complex psychiatric cases.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Psychiatry
- Immunology
Background:
- First-onset psychosis in adolescents presents diagnostic challenges.
- Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune condition affecting the brain.
Observation:
- Two adolescent girls presented with severe first-onset psychosis, agitation, catatonia, and autonomic instability.
- Similar clinical presentations led to suspicion of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in the second patient.
Findings:
- Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis was diagnosed in both adolescent patients.
- Treatment involved both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies.
- Successful management led to positive patient outcomes.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in adolescent psychosis with catatonic features.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are vital for managing autoimmune encephalitis.
- This case highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in complex pediatric psychiatric and neurological conditions.
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