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Prevalence of parvovirus B 19 infection in children with aplastic anemia

Vineeta Gupta1, Isha Saini, Gopal Nath

  • 1Departments of Pediatrics and *Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|December 21, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Parvovirus B19 infection is common in children with acquired aplastic anemia. This study found a higher prevalence of parvovirus B19 DNA and IgM antibodies in these patients compared to healthy children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acquired aplastic anemia in children can have various causes.
  • Parvovirus B19 is a known cause of red blood cell aplasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in pediatric patients diagnosed with acquired aplastic anemia.
  • To compare the prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect parvovirus B19 DNA.
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to detect parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies.
  • 66 pediatric patients with acquired aplastic anemia and 45 healthy children were included.

Main Results:

  • Parvovirus B19 DNA was detected in 27% of patients versus 2% of controls (P = 0.001).
  • Parvovirus B19 IgM antibodies were found in 25.8% of patients compared to 2.2% of controls (P<0.05).
  • No significant differences in clinical or hematological profiles were observed between infected and non-infected patients.

Conclusions:

  • Parvovirus B19 infection is significantly more prevalent in pediatric patients with acquired aplastic anemia.
  • The findings suggest a potential etiological role for parvovirus B19 in acquired aplastic anemia in children.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the specific mechanisms and clinical implications.

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