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Cell-based vasculogenic studies in preclinical models of chronic myocardial ischaemia and hibernation
Céline Giordano1, Drew Kuraitis, Rob S B Beanlands
1University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiac Surgery, 40 Ruskin Street, Suite 3403, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada.
Insights
Preclinical models are crucial for developing effective cell-based therapies for myocardial ischemia and hibernation. Accurate models are needed to advance regenerative medicine for patients with viable myocardium at high risk for cardiac events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Regenerative Medicine
- Preclinical Modeling
Background:
- Coronary artery disease frequently causes myocardial ischemia and hibernation.
- Effective preclinical models are vital for testing novel cell-based vasculogenic therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review basic concepts of myocardial ischemia/hibernation and viability assessment techniques.
- To describe preclinical models of chronic myocardial ischemia and hibernation.
- To discuss cell-based vasculogenic therapy and its application in large animal models.
Main Methods:
- Review of myocardial ischemia/hibernation concepts and viability assessment.
- Description of preclinical models using ameroid constrictors, Delrin stenosis, hydraulic occluders, and coils/stents.
- Summary of cell-based therapy studies in large animal models.
Main Results:
- Preclinical models accurately representing clinical myocardial ischemia/hibernation are necessary.
- Cell-based therapies show potential for patients with viable myocardium not undergoing revascularization.
Conclusions:
- One-third of patients with viable myocardium are at high risk for cardiac events and could benefit from cell therapy.
- Further research using accurate preclinical models is essential to guide regenerative therapy development.
Introduction:
Coronary artery disease commonly leads to myocardial ischaemia and hibernation. Relevant preclinical models of these conditions are essential to evaluate new therapeutic options such as cell-based vasculogenic therapies.
Areas Covered:
In this article, the authors first review basic concepts of myocardial ischaemia/hibernation and relevant techniques to assess myocardial viability. Then, preclinical models of chronic myocardial ischaemia and hibernation, induced by devices such as ameroid constrictors, Delrin stenosis, hydraulic occluders, and coils/stents are described. Lastly, the authors discuss cell-based vasculogenic therapy, and summarise studies conducted in large animal models of chronic myocardial ischaemia and hibernation.
Expert Opinion:
Approximately one-third of patients with viable myocardium do not undergo revascularisation; however, this population is at high risk for cardiac events and would surely benefit from effective cell-based therapy. Because of the modest benefits in clinical studies, preclinical models accurately representing clinical myocardial ischemia/hibernation are necessary to better understand and appropriately direct regenerative therapy research.
