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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
Fungal Group Zygomycota01:29

Fungal Group Zygomycota

Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF).
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds
08:54

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

Newer antifungal agents.

Beatriz Larru1, Theoklis E Zaoutis

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. LarruB@email.chop.edu

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|December 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New antifungal agents and a better understanding of existing ones offer more options for treating invasive fungal disease in children. Careful consideration of pediatric-specific data is crucial for effective treatment, avoiding issues like under-dosing.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds
08:54

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

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Published on: December 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Antifungal therapy for invasive fungal disease in children has become more complex.
  • Newer agents like echinocandins and broad-spectrum triazoles have expanded treatment options.
  • Existing pediatric data for antifungal use has often been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on antifungal treatment in children.
  • To focus on the pharmacology and pediatric application of novel antifungal agents.
  • To highlight the complexity and evolving landscape of pediatric antifungal therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recently published literature on pediatric antifungal treatment.
  • Analysis of pharmacological data for newer antifungal agents.
  • Evaluation of clinical indications and use in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Adult guidelines have been applied to pediatric cases, sometimes leading to suboptimal therapy (e.g., voriconazole under-dosing).
  • A deeper understanding of antifungal agents is essential for successful pediatric treatment.
  • Newer antifungal classes and improved knowledge of existing ones are transforming pediatric care.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advancements have improved antifungal treatment strategies for children.
  • Tailoring therapy based on pediatric-specific pharmacology is critical.
  • Continued research and data collection are needed to optimize antifungal use in pediatric populations.