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Aeroallergen sensitization in wheezing children from rosario, Argentina

Patricia Pendino1, Claudio Agüero, Paola Cavagnero

  • 1Allergy and Immunology Department, Pediatric Division. Eva Perón School Hospital, Granadero Baigorria, Argentina.

The World Allergy Organization Journal
|December 27, 2012
PubMed

Insights

High rates of aeroallergen sensitization were found in children experiencing recurrent wheezing. Dust mites were the most common allergen, with sensitization increasing with age. Skin prick tests are safe and effective for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Recurrent wheezing is common in children, often linked to respiratory infections and asthma.
  • Allergen sensitization plays a key role in pediatric wheezing and can be identified using skin prick tests.
  • Skin prick tests are a safe, effective, and easily administered diagnostic tool across all age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization in pediatric patients with recurrent wheezing.
  • To identify common aeroallergens responsible for sensitization in this cohort.
  • To investigate the relationship between age and aeroallergen sensitization frequency.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 100 pediatric patients (6 months to 10 years) with recurrent wheezing.
  • Skin prick tests were administered to all patients and 20 healthy controls.
  • Patients were recruited from the Allergy and Immunology Division of Eva Perón School Hospital.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of sensitization was observed: 58% to dust mites, 13% to pollen, 9% to epithelium, 8% to fungi, 6% to cockroach, and 1% to soybean hull.
  • Overall, 60% of patients were sensitized to at least one aeroallergen.
  • A significant increase in sensitization frequency was noted with increasing age (P < 0.005), particularly for dust mites and pollen.
  • No adverse reactions were reported during or after the skin prick tests.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a high prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization in pediatric patients with recurrent wheezing in Santa Fe, Argentina.
  • Dust mites are the predominant allergen implicated in this population.
  • Skin prick testing is a safe and valuable tool for diagnosing allergen sensitization in children with recurrent wheezing.
Abstract

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