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[Cow's milk allergy: diagnostic process. Expert consensus]
María Del Carmen Toca1, Claudio Parisi2, Adriana Fernández3
1Comité de Gastroenterología; Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Insights
Cow's milk protein allergy in children presents diagnostic challenges due to varied mechanisms and clinical presentations. This consensus provides interdisciplinary recommendations for accurate diagnosis and comprehensive patient care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Neonatology
Context:
- Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in infants and children.
- Diagnosis is complicated by diverse clinical manifestations and varying onset during pediatric development.
- Risk of misdiagnosis (under- or over-diagnosis) necessitates standardized diagnostic approaches.
Purpose:
- To establish updated, interdisciplinary recommendations for the accurate diagnosis of cow's milk protein allergy.
- To synthesize current scientific evidence with expert clinical experience.
- To improve the diagnostic process and patient management.
Summary:
- Utilized the Delphi method, integrating expertise from neonatology, pediatrics, allergy, nutrition, and gastroenterology.
- Developed consensus-based recommendations reflecting both scientific data and clinical experience.
- Addressed the complexities of CMPA diagnosis across different pediatric stages.
Impact:
- Facilitates more accurate and timely diagnosis of CMPA in pediatric populations.
- Promotes enhanced, collaborative care among healthcare professionals involved in CMPA management.
- Aims to reduce the incidence of diagnostic errors and improve patient outcomes.
Abstract:
Cow's milk protein can cause food allergy. The different mechanisms of action involved, the clinical variability depending on the stage of pediatric life in which it manifests, leads to difficulties in its approach, with the risk of under- or over-diagnosis. Professionals from various areas intervene in this process and their interaction is recommended. That is why the objective of this consensus has been to reflect the updated knowledge in an interdisciplinary mode, generating recommendations for its correct diagnosis. We have worked with the Delphi method to add to the scientific evidence, the experience from neonatologists, pediatricians, experts in allergy, nutrition and gastroenterology. We think that this interdisciplinary approach will be of practical use and will promote more comprehensive care for these patients.
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