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Tumor Progression

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Laparoscopic Anatomical Resection of the Right Anterior Lobe Based on the Laennec Capsule Technique

Laparoscopic Anatomical Resection of the Right Anterior Lobe Based on the Laennec Capsule Technique

Published on: May 2, 2025

A 57-kg tumor

Vandana Y Bhide¹, Nancy L Dawson

¹Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

|January 1, 2013

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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