Selectivity of silica species in ocean observed from seasonal and local changes

Silicic acids, derived from SiO(2) (silica), have several chemical forms in solution. Silica is a nutrient for diatoms, which are phytoplankton in oceans. Silica species can be used as a tracer to examine the behavior of silica in nature. The speciation for silica by FAB-MS (fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry) has been carried out for seawater samples from Tokyo Bay and Sagami Bay to investigate the seasonal and locational changes of the depth profiles of silica species. The species, [Si(OH)(2)O(2)Na(+)](-), [Si(2)(OH)(5)O(2)](-) ([dimer](-)), [Si(2)(OH)(4)O(3)Na(+)](-), [Si(4)(OH)(7)O(5)(-)] ([cyclic tetramer](-)), [Si(4)(OH)(6)O(6)Na(+)](-), [Si(4)(OH)(9)O(4)](-) ([linear tetramer](-)) and [Si(4)(OH)(8)O(5)Na(+)](-) were mainly identified by FAB-MS. The seasonal and locational changes and the reproducibility of depth profiles of silica species were determined from October 2001 to July 2002. The depth profile of the ratio of linear tetramer to cyclic tetramer reflects the activity of diatoms, implying that the linear tetramer is the preferred "food" for diatoms. In particular, the depth profile for the ratio of linear tetramer to cyclic tetramer exhibits a critical changes that depend on the season. Furthermore, the depth profiles for the samples from Sagami Bay (open ocean) indicate that seawater is easily exchanged by ocean currents (the Japan Current). Thus, silica speciation by FAB-MS can give us a new tracer indicating the characteristics of the seawater budget, which change with depth, season and ocean locality.