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Task appraisals, emotions, and performance goal orientation.

Cynthia D Fisher1, Amirali Minbashian, Nadin Beckmann

  • 1Faculty of Business, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. cynthia_fisher@bond.edu.au

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Employee emotions fluctuate with task appraisals. Performance goal orientation influences emotional reactions, especially to task importance, impacting workplace well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Workplace Emotional Dynamics
  • Employee Well-being

Background:

  • Real-time employee emotions are crucial for productivity and well-being.
  • Understanding the interplay between immediate work situations and individual traits is key.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated how task appraisals and goal orientation jointly affect momentary emotions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict real-time fluctuations in employees' positive and negative emotions.
  • To examine the role of concurrent appraisals of the immediate task situation.
  • To investigate the moderating effect of individual differences in performance goal orientation.

Main Methods:

  • An experience sampling study involving 135 managers over 3 weeks.
  • Assessment of task confidence, task importance, positive emotions, and negative emotions five times daily.
  • Statistical analysis of within-person fluctuations and between-person differences.

Main Results:

  • Appraisals of task confidence, task importance, and their interaction significantly predicted momentary positive and negative emotions.
  • Dispositional performance goal orientation moderated emotional reactivity to appraisals of task importance.
  • Individuals high in performance goal orientation exhibited stronger negative and weaker positive emotional responses to task importance appraisals.

Conclusions:

  • Immediate task appraisals are significant predictors of real-time employee emotions.
  • Performance goal orientation plays a crucial role in modulating emotional responses to work situations.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering both situational factors and individual differences for employee emotional well-being.