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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

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Genetic effects on old-age cognitive functioning: a population-based study.

Erika J Laukka¹, Martin Lövdén, Agneta Herlitz

¹Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. erika.jonsson.laukka@ki.se

Psychology and Aging

|January 2, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations impact cognitive function in older adults. APOE ε4 carriers showed poorer memory and perceptual speed, while BDNF gene variants were linked to better cognitive performance, suggesting genetic influences on aging cognition.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Cognitive Aging

Background:

Individual differences in cognitive performance in old age are influenced by genetic factors.
Understanding these genetic associations can elucidate mechanisms underlying cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of five specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on cognitive functioning in a large, population-based sample of older adults.
To examine the relationship between genetic variations and multiple cognitive domains, including global cognition.

Main Methods:

A population-based sample of 2,694 non-demented individuals (60-102 years) was analyzed.
A structural equation model (SEM) was used to assess cognitive performance across five latent factors and a global cognitive factor.
Genotyping was performed for five SNPs: APOE (rs429358), COMT (rs4680), BDNF (rs6265), KIBRA (rs17070145), and CLSTN2 (rs6439886).

Main Results:

APOE ε4 carriers exhibited poorer episodic memory and perceptual speed.
CLSTN2 TT carriers showed diminished semantic memory.
BDNF gene variants (any A carrier) were associated with enhanced cognitive performance.
APOE effects on global cognition were more pronounced in older age and potentially influenced by preclinical dementia cases.

Conclusions:

Specific genetic polymorphisms, notably APOE and CLSTN2, significantly influence distinct cognitive domains in older adults.
The BDNF gene may play a protective role in cognitive aging.
APOE's impact on cognition may be partly mediated by early-stage dementia processes, highlighting the complex interplay between genetics and neurodegenerative pathways.