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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...

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Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
06:26

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) in the elderly.

Yu-Hang Yeh1, Yu-Jang Su, Che-Hung Liu

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|January 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elderly patients with aortic dissection (AAD) present with fewer pain symptoms but higher rates of hyperglycemia and neurological deficits. This demographic experiences worse outcomes, including longer hospital stays and nearly double the mortality rate compared to younger individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Aortic dissection (AAD) is a critical condition with unclear aspects regarding its relationship with aging.
  • Previous studies have explored AAD and age, but specific characteristics in the elderly remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct clinical features, treatment patterns, and outcomes of aortic dissection in elderly patients compared to a non-elderly cohort.
  • To clarify the relationship between advanced age and the presentation and prognosis of AAD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 132 spontaneous AAD cases from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2010.
  • Patients were stratified into two groups: elderly (≥65 years) and non-elderly.
  • Data analyzed included clinical manifestations, onset, AAD type, mediastinal width, surgical intervention, hospitalization duration, and in-hospital mortality.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients exhibited more hyperglycemia (p=0.0001) and neurological deficits (p=0.001), with less chest and abdominal pain (p=0.001, p=0.003).
  • Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.0001) and a higher prevalence of DeBakey type I AAD (p=0.0011) were observed in the elderly.
  • The elderly group experienced significantly longer hospital stays (14.6±16.3 days, p=0.0001) and a higher mortality rate (31.1% vs. 15.8%, p=0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Advanced age is associated with atypical AAD presentations, including reduced pain and increased neurological and metabolic complications.
  • Elderly individuals with AAD face poorer prognoses, characterized by increased mortality and prolonged hospitalization.
  • These findings underscore the need for tailored diagnostic and management strategies for aortic dissection in the geriatric population.