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Tau aggregates as immunotherapeutic targets.

Diana L Castillo-Carranza¹, Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves, Rakez Kayed

¹George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1045, USA.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)

|January 2, 2013

Summary

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) may not be the primary drivers of tauopathies like Alzheimer disease (AD). Instead, toxic pre-filamentous tau oligomers are increasingly recognized as key therapeutic targets for these neurodegenerative disorders.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pathology
Biochemistry

Background:

Pathological tau aggregation and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation are hallmarks of Alzheimer disease (AD) and tauopathies.
Current immunotherapy strategies primarily target large tau aggregates like NFTs.
Recent research questions the toxicity of NFTs and suggests alternative pathological species.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize recent findings on the role of tau oligomers in tauopathies.
To highlight tau oligomers as potential therapeutic targets for AD and related disorders.
To discuss challenges in targeting tau oligomers.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature and studies.
Analysis of data from human tissues and mouse models.
Synthesis of current understanding of tau pathology.

Main Results:

Evidence suggests pre-filamentous tau oligomers, not NFTs, are crucial in tauopathy progression.
Tau oligomers demonstrate toxicity in vitro and in vivo.
NFTs may not be the primary toxic species in the brain.

Conclusions:

Tau oligomers represent a promising therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies.
Targeting tau oligomers could offer a novel treatment strategy.
Further research is needed to overcome challenges in developing tau oligomer-based therapies.