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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...

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Long-term efficacy and safety of ustekinumab for Crohn's disease through the second year of therapy.

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Opportunistic screening for bone disease using abdominal CT scans obtained for other reasons in newly diagnosed IBD patients.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2018
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Letter: mucosal healing is associated with improved long-term outcomes in Crohn's disease - authors' reply.

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Related Experiment Video

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In Vivo Augmentation of Gut-Homing Regulatory T Cell Induction
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Published on: January 22, 2020

Biologic therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.

B E Sands1

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|January 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Novel biologic therapies, including monoclonal antibodies and cytokine-targeted agents, are emerging for immune-mediated diseases. This review explores their rationale and application in inflammatory bowel disease treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Background:

  • Biologic therapy encompasses diverse agents targeting specific disease mechanisms.
  • Recent advancements have introduced novel biologic therapies for immunologic and inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the rationale and application of biologic therapies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • To survey recently developed biologic agents and their study in IBD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on biologic therapies.
  • Analysis of prospective studies involving biologic agents in IBD.
  • Examination of biologics studied in other immune-mediated diseases and animal models.

Main Results:

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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

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Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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  • Novel biologic agents include recombinant cytokines, growth factors, monoclonal antibodies, nucleotide-based therapies, and cell/gene therapies.
  • Monoclonal antibodies targeting CD4 and tumor necrosis factor, along with interleukins 10 and 11, have been studied in IBD.
  • Numerous other biologics have been investigated in various immune-mediated diseases and colitis models.

Conclusions:

  • Biologic therapies represent a significant advancement in treating IBD.
  • The diverse mechanisms targeted by biologics offer new therapeutic avenues.
  • Continued research and clinical application of biologics are crucial for managing IBD.