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Updated: May 15, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
cis-(2,2'-Bipyridine-κ(2)N,N')bis-(isonicotinamide-κN(1))palladium(II) bis-(hexa-fluoridophosphate)
Rafael A Adrian1, Brayan Quintela, Douglas R Powell
1Department of Chemistry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA.
Abstract:
In the title salt, [Pd(C(10)H(8)N(2))(C(6)H(6)NO)(2)](PF(6))(2), the Pd(II) atom is in a slightly distorted square-planar coordination environment by N atoms derived from two 4-pyridine-carboxamide ligands, in a cis disposition, and a chelating 2,2'-bipyridine mol-ecule. The monodentate ligands are nearly orthogonal to each other [dihedral angle = 85.7 (5)°] and to the PdN(4) plane [dihedral angles = 79.3 (3) and 78.7 (3)°]. The amide O atoms lie to opposite sides of the PdN(4) plane. The most notable feature of the crystal packing is a linear supra-molecular chain orientated approximately along [310] and formed via 16-membered {⋯HNCO}(4) motifs. These are connected into a three-dimensional network by amide-H⋯O, F inter-actions. Both PF(6) (-) anions are disordered over two positions of equal occupancy in respect of the F atoms.
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Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...