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Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.

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Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components
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Accessory subunits alter the temperature sensitivity of Kv4.3 channel complexes.

S Radicke1, T Riedel, D Cotella

  • 1Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr.16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany. susanne.radicke@medizin.uni-leipzig.de

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|January 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Temperature significantly affects human atrial myocytes' transient outward current (I(to)) kinetics. Accessory β-subunits modulate this temperature sensitivity, with Kv4.3/KChIP2 channels showing the highest sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular physiology
  • Ion channel biophysics
  • Cardiovascular research

Background:

  • The transient outward potassium current (I(to)) in human atrial myocytes exhibits temperature-dependent inactivation.
  • Accessory β-subunits are known modulators of ion channel kinetics, including the Kv4.3 α-subunit responsible for I(to).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of transmembrane β-subunits (KCNE1, KCNE2, and DPP6) on the temperature sensitivity of Kv4.3/KChIP2 channels.
  • To determine how these β-subunits affect the kinetics of I(to) at room and physiological temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings of Kv4.3/KChIP2 channels co-expressed with KCNE1, KCNE2, or DPP6 in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells.
  • Experiments conducted at room temperature (23°C) and physiological temperature (37°C).
  • Development of a Markov state model to simulate channel behavior and temperature effects.

Main Results:

  • Elevated temperature (37°C) significantly accelerated Kv4.3/KChIP2 channel kinetics compared to 23°C, without altering current densities or voltage dependence.
  • Kv4.3/KChIP2 channels lacking transmembrane β-subunits displayed the highest temperature sensitivity.
  • KCNE2 slowed kinetics at 37°C, while KCNE1 had no significant effect. DPP6's accelerating effect at 23°C was diminished at 37°C.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of Kv4.3, KChIP2, KCNE2, and DPP6 can reproduce the fast kinetics of native I(to) at 37°C in CHO cells.
  • However, the pronounced temperature sensitivity observed in native human I(to) could not be fully replicated in this experimental system.