Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...

One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: General Considerations

One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: General Considerations

The one-compartment model is a pharmacokinetic tool that models the body as a single, uniform compartment, facilitating the understanding of drug distribution and elimination. This model is particularly beneficial for intravenous (IV) bolus administration, where the drug rapidly circulates throughout the body.
The drug's presence in the body is defined by an equation representing the difference between the rates of drug entry and exit. Key parameters—elimination rate constant,...

Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Bolus Administration

Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Bolus Administration

The two-compartment model for intravenous (IV) bolus administration illustrates drug distribution in the body, subdividing it into central and peripheral compartments. This model operates on the concept of two-compartment kinetics. The drug's plasma concentration shows a bi-exponential decline following IV bolus administration, signaling the presence of two disposition processes: distribution and elimination.
The disparity between drug input and the sum of drug transfer rates between...

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview

Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A digital twin of a vacuum filter-bed dryer.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2025

Same author

Micro-dosing of powders into capsules using a new automated micro-dosing system: effect of powder characteristics and operating conditions on the filling of 0.5 mg-100 mg weights.

Drug development and industrial pharmacy·2023

Same author

Performance of the World Health Organisation suspected COVID-19 case definition in cluster-associated and sporadic SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Malaysia.

The Medical journal of Malaysia·2023

Same author

Coat color affects cortisol and serotonin levels in the serum and hairs of Holstein dairy cows exposed to cold winter.

Domestic animal endocrinology·2022

Same author

Concurrent COVID-19 and dengue with hyperferritinaemia: A case report.

The Medical journal of Malaysia·2021

Same author

Consumers' lack of understanding of customized cosmetics made on the spot and implications for regulations and controls.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2021

Same journal

iRGD-Modified Peptide-Drug Conjugate Improves Brain Delivery and Antitumor Efficacy in Glioblastoma.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

Same journal

A Δ‑Based Framework For Internal Release Limits In Plateau Stability Systems.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

Same journal

Innovative Peptide Formulations for Cardiovascular Diseases Using Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>: A Comprehensive Review and Potential Applications.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

Same journal

An injectable nanoreinforced hydrogel for combined GDNF-loaded nanoparticles and mesenchymal stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

Same journal

Lipid nanoparticles for Cas9 ribonucleoprotein delivery: design and evaluation of ionisable oligoamine-lipidoids.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

Same journal

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel carbazole derivatives as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents to fight antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Frugal Imaging Technique of Capillary Flow Through Three-Dimensional Polymeric Printing Powders

Frugal Imaging Technique of Capillary Flow Through Three-Dimensional Polymeric Printing Powders

Published on: October 4, 2022

Exploring pharmaceutical powder behavior in commercial-scale bin blending: A DEM simulation study.

F Mostafaei¹, B Benque¹, P Doshi²

¹Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences

|November 3, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations optimize pharmaceutical bin blending. For cone blenders, baffles and frequent rotation direction changes improve blending. Hoop blenders benefit from increased inclination angles and rotational speed.

Keywords:

Commercial scale DEM simulation Pharmaceutical engineering Powder blending Tumbling blender

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models

Published on: August 18, 2023

Reliable Mechanochemistry: Protocols for Reproducible Outcomes of Neat and Liquid Assisted Ball-mill Grinding Experiments

Reliable Mechanochemistry: Protocols for Reproducible Outcomes of Neat and Liquid Assisted Ball-mill Grinding Experiments

Published on: January 23, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Frugal Imaging Technique of Capillary Flow Through Three-Dimensional Polymeric Printing Powders

Frugal Imaging Technique of Capillary Flow Through Three-Dimensional Polymeric Printing Powders

Published on: October 4, 2022

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models

Author Spotlight: Developing a Disposable Dosator for Preclinical Testing of Dry Powder Inhalers in Small Animal Models

Published on: August 18, 2023

Reliable Mechanochemistry: Protocols for Reproducible Outcomes of Neat and Liquid Assisted Ball-mill Grinding Experiments

Reliable Mechanochemistry: Protocols for Reproducible Outcomes of Neat and Liquid Assisted Ball-mill Grinding Experiments

Published on: January 23, 2018

Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Engineering
Powder Technology
Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Bin blending is crucial in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Optimizing large-scale blending is challenging due to cost.
Discrete Element Method (DEM) offers a simulation-based approach to study powder behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate powder blending in commercial-scale cone and hoop blenders using DEM.
Evaluate factors influencing blending efficiency in different blender types.
Calibrate DEM models with experimental data for accurate simulation.

Main Methods:

DEM simulations were employed to model the blending of two granulated powders.
DEM contact model parameters were calibrated using experimental compression and ring shear tests.
Simulations analyzed blending efficiency based on operational parameters like fill level, baffles, rotation, angle, and speed.

Main Results:

In cone blenders, introducing baffles and frequent changes in rotational direction significantly improved blending efficiency.
For hoop blenders, increasing the inclination angle and rotational speed enhanced blending performance.
DEM model output was validated against experimental data in one blending scenario.

Conclusions:

DEM simulations are a viable tool for optimizing pharmaceutical bin blending processes.
Specific operational adjustments in cone and hoop blenders can mitigate segregation and improve blend uniformity.
This study provides data-driven insights for enhancing powder blending in pharmaceutical production.