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Updated: May 15, 2026
09:09
Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
Published on: August 8, 2017
Longitudinal analysis of attitudes toward wolves
Adrian Treves1, Lisa Naughton-Treves, Victoria Shelley
1Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 550 North Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A. atreves@wisc.edu
Summary
Attitudes toward gray wolves worsened over time, with increased fear and willingness to poach. This longitudinal study highlights the need for interventions to improve human-wolf coexistence and predator conservation efforts.
Area of Science:
- Wildlife conservation science
- Human dimensions of wildlife management
- Longitudinal attitude research
Background:
- Understanding public attitudes is crucial for predator conservation and managing human-wildlife conflict.
- Previous studies on wildlife attitudes primarily used cross-sectional data, limiting insights into attitude change.
- Gray wolf (Canis lupus) populations are increasing in the US despite ongoing controversy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine longitudinal changes in attitudes toward gray wolves among residents in Wisconsin.
- To identify factors influencing shifts in public perception and potential opposition to wolf conservation.
- To inform the development of effective interventions for improving human-wolf coexistence.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal survey design involving resampling individuals over time.
- Mailed surveys administered to 1892 Wisconsin residents in 2001/2004, with 656 re-surveyed in 2009.
- Analysis of attitude changes regarding fear, competition with hunters, poaching inclination, and lethal control.
Main Results:
- Respondents showed increased agreement with statements reflecting fear of wolves and belief in competition with hunters.
- Inclination to poach wolves and support for lethal control methods (state-sanctioned and public hunting) also increased over time.
- Local wolf exposure or reported livestock losses did not correlate with changes in attitudes toward wolves.
Conclusions:
- Longitudinal data reveal a negative trend in attitudes toward gray wolves, potentially impacting conservation efforts.
- Predicted increases in wolf killing (legal and illegal) may threaten wolf recovery without targeted interventions.
- Future research should employ longitudinal studies to assess the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving human-wolf attitudes and behaviors.
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