Femoral fractures in children

James Brousil1, James B Hunter

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.

Insights

Pediatric femoral fractures are common and costly. Advances in surgical care, particularly for proximal femur and shaft fractures, are improving outcomes and reducing complications like avascular necrosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Femoral fractures are the most common pediatric fracture requiring hospitalization, presenting a significant healthcare burden.
  • Recent advancements in operative management have enhanced clinical and health economic outcomes for these injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review 21st-century management strategies for pediatric femoral fractures.
  • To highlight recent advancements and their impact on treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric femoral fracture management.
  • Analysis of trends in operative versus non-operative treatment.
  • Evaluation of outcomes, including complication rates.

Main Results:

  • A notable increase in operative management for all types of femoral fractures.
  • Improved clinical outcomes for proximal femur and shaft fractures.
  • Significant reduction in the incidence of avascular necrosis of the femoral head due to treatment advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Specialized surgical expertise and dedicated equipment are essential for optimal management of pediatric femoral fractures.
  • Centers treating pediatric fractures must have access to these resources to improve patient outcomes.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...