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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection
09:34

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection

Published on: March 18, 2020

Common variable immunodeficiency and isosporiasis: first report case.

Gisele Barbosa E Silva1, Karla Pereira Fernandes, Gesmar Rodrigues Silva Segundo

  • 1Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG.

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|January 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A severe case of diarrhea in an HIV-negative patient revealed opportunistic infections, Giardia lamblia and Isospora belli. This led to a diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), highlighting the link between primary immunodeficiency and parasitic infections.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection
09:34

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection

Published on: March 18, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Opportunistic infections can indicate underlying immunological disorders.
  • Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia.

Observation:

  • A 62-year-old HIV-negative female presented with severe diarrhea.
  • Diagnostic investigations isolated Giardia lamblia and Isospora belli from the patient.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).
  • This case represents the first reported instance of isosporiasis in a patient with CVID.

Implications:

  • Unusual infections warrant immunological assessment, especially in primary immunodeficiency.
  • Awareness of the link between CVID and opportunistic parasitic infections is crucial for diagnosis and management.