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Maximum-likelihood spatial spectrum estimation in dynamic environments with a short maneuverable array.

Jonathan L Odom1, Jeffrey L Krolik, Jeffrey S Rogers

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, P.O. Box 90291, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA. jonathan.odom@duke.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|January 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Short acoustic arrays on mobile platforms overcome limitations of longer arrays. These maneuvering arrays improve target detection in noisy environments by reducing ambiguities and enhancing usable bearing space.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustic signal processing
  • Array signal processing
  • Mobile sensor networks

Background:

  • Traditional long, non-maneuverable line arrays suffer from left/right ambiguities and endfire resolution degradation.
  • Short acoustic arrays on mobile platforms offer potential solutions to these limitations.
  • Interference-dominated scenarios pose challenges for target detection with conventional arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop field directionality mapping algorithms for short acoustic arrays on mobile platforms.
  • Mitigate left/right ambiguities and endfire resolution degradation inherent in longer arrays.
  • Enhance target detection capabilities in interference-dominated environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized expectation-maximization maximum likelihood algorithm with deterministic and stochastic models for time-varying field directionality.
  • Developed a derivative-based maximum likelihood technique and a recursive Bayes maximum likelihood technique.
  • Introduced a broadband extension incorporating temporal spectral knowledge to suppress ambiguities.
  • Employed dynamic multi-source simulations and Monte Carlo evaluation of receiver operating characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Short maneuverable arrays achieve a high fraction of usable bearing space for target detection.
  • The proposed narrowband and broadband techniques effectively reduce array ambiguities and spatial grating lobes.
  • Demonstrated significant improvement in source detection compared to conventional broadband beamforming in simulations.
  • Short maneuvering arrays provide superior performance in interference-dominated environments despite lower array gain against diffuse noise.

Conclusions:

  • Short, maneuvering acoustic arrays are effective for target detection in challenging, interference-dominated environments.
  • The developed algorithms successfully address ambiguities and resolution issues associated with traditional array systems.
  • Mobile platforms enable enhanced spatial coverage and improved detection performance for acoustic sensing applications.