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Updated: May 15, 2026

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
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Age-matched dendritic cell subpopulations reference values in childhood.

A Heinze1, M C Elze, S Kloess

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. annekathrin.heinze@kgu.de

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
|January 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study establishes age-based reference ranges for dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations in 100 healthy children using a single-platform method. Findings reveal a decline in myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs with age and lower myeloid DC counts in girls versus boys.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric immunology
  • Cellular immunology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial antigen-presenting cells linking innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Limited age-based reference values for pediatric DC subpopulations exist, hindering clinical interpretation.
  • Previous studies often used dual-platform approaches, unlike the single-platform method employed here.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish comprehensive age-matched reference ranges for myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in healthy children.
  • To investigate the impact of age and sex on DC subpopulations in a larger pediatric cohort.
  • To provide a reliable basis for diagnosing DC-related abnormalities in pediatric diseases and therapies.

Main Methods:

  • A single-platform, lyse no-wash procedure was utilized for DC analysis.
  • DC subpopulations were identified as myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) based on specific cell surface markers.
  • Semi-parametric regression analysis was applied to establish age-matched reference ranges for DC counts in peripheral blood.

Main Results:

  • Significant age-related declines were observed in the medians of both mDCs and pDCs per μl of peripheral blood.
  • Reference ranges (50%, 90%, 95%) for DC subpopulations also showed a significant decrease with increasing age.
  • Absolute mDC counts per μl of peripheral blood were significantly lower in girls compared to boys across all age groups.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides precise, age-matched reference ranges for pediatric DC subpopulations using a modern single-platform approach.
  • The findings highlight significant developmental trends in DC counts during childhood, influenced by both age and sex.
  • These established ranges are vital for identifying aberrant DC levels in pediatric conditions and post-transplant monitoring.