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Related Concept Videos

Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
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Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

Human metapneumovirus in adults.

Lenneke E M Haas1, Steven F T Thijsen, Leontine van Elden

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, 3582 KE, The Netherlands. lvlelyveld@diakhuis.nl

Viruses
|January 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) causes common respiratory infections in all ages. While typically mild, HMPV can be severe in vulnerable adults, with ongoing research for vaccines and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a significant viral pathogen, identified in 2001, causing widespread respiratory infections.
  • While known for pediatric infections, HMPV is increasingly recognized as a major cause of respiratory illness in adults.
  • Widespread childhood infections suggest transient immunity, leading to recurrent adult infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on HMPV infections in adults.
  • To discuss recent advancements in HMPV treatment strategies.
  • To explore the latest developments in HMPV vaccine research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles and research papers.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods, including nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs).

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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
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Published on: February 23, 2014

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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

  • Examination of clinical presentations and outcomes in adult HMPV cases.

    • Main Results:

    • HMPV infections are common in adults, often presenting as mild to moderate respiratory illness.
    • Severe HMPV cases occur in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly.
    • Diagnosis relies heavily on NAATs like RT-PCR due to culture difficulties.

    Conclusions:

    • HMPV is a critical respiratory pathogen in adults, necessitating further research.
    • Development of effective vaccines and targeted treatments is ongoing.
    • Improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are crucial for managing HMPV.