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White matter abnormalities in skin picking disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Jon E Grant1, Brian L Odlaug, Adam Hampshire

  • 1Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. jongrant@uchicago.edu

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|January 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skin picking disorder (SPD) involves compulsive skin picking and is linked to impaired response inhibition. This study found reduced white matter integrity in brain regions crucial for suppressing responses in individuals with SPD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Skin picking disorder (SPD) is characterized by repetitive, compulsive skin picking leading to tissue damage.
  • Neurocognitive deficits in SPD suggest difficulties with response inhibition, a function reliant on frontal and cingulate cortices.
  • White-matter tract integrity is crucial for neural communication in response inhibition pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate white-matter microstructure differences in individuals with SPD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
  • To examine the association between fractional anisotropy (FA) and brain regions involved in response suppression.
  • To explore potential shared neurobiology between SPD and trichotillomania.

Main Methods:

  • 13 individuals with SPD and 12 healthy controls underwent 3-Tesla MRI.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to measure fractional anisotropy (FA).
  • Voxelwise analysis with permutation modeling and cluster correction was applied for between-group comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Subjects with SPD showed significantly reduced FA in bilateral white-matter tracts, including those connected to the anterior cingulate cortices.
  • Reduced FA was observed in tracts near the right frontal cortex (orbitofrontal and inferior frontal cortices).
  • FA did not correlate with SPD severity, depression, or anxiety scores.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest white-matter tract disorganization in motor generation and suppression pathways is implicated in SPD pathophysiology.
  • The results support the notion of overlapping neurobiology between SPD and trichotillomania, beyond shared clinical features.
  • Disruption in neural networks governing response inhibition may underlie the compulsive nature of skin picking behavior.