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Updated: May 15, 2026

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
Published on: June 11, 2019
Magnetic resonance coronary angiography: where are we today?
Amedeo Chiribiri1, Rene M Botnar, Eike Nagel
1Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London BHF Centre of Excellence, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, SE1 7EH, UK. amedeo.chiribiri@kcl.ac.uk
Insights
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging offers non-invasive, radiation-free visualization of coronary arteries and veins. Ongoing technical advancements are enhancing coronary vessel wall imaging quality for better diagnostic assessments.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Medical Physics
- Radiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) enables non-invasive, radiation-free visualization of coronary arteries and veins.
- Coronary vessel wall imaging via CMR is crucial for comprehensive cardiac assessment, complementing evaluations of cardiac function, anatomy, viability, and perfusion.
- Technical challenges, including cardiac/respiratory motion and small vessel size, necessitate advanced solutions for optimal image quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an update on the clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance coronary angiography.
- To review recent technical advancements in coronary vessel wall imaging.
- To describe current acquisition protocols for cardiovascular magnetic resonance coronary angiography.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on cardiovascular magnetic resonance coronary angiography.
- Discussion of technical solutions for motion artifact reduction and image optimization.
- Description of adapted acquisition protocols for specific clinical scenarios.
Main Results:
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance coronary angiography is a developing field with improving diagnostic capabilities.
- Technical innovations are addressing challenges related to motion and vessel size.
- Specific acquisition protocols enhance image quality and diagnostic value.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a valuable tool for coronary vessel assessment.
- Continued technical development is improving the diagnostic quality of coronary vessel wall imaging.
- Tailored acquisition protocols are essential for maximizing the clinical utility of CMR coronary angiography.
Abstract:
Although cardiovascular magnetic resonance allows the non-invasive and radiation free visualization of both the coronary arteries and veins, coronary vessel wall imaging is still undergoing technical development to improve diagnostic quality. Assessment of the coronary vessels is a valuable addition to the analysis of cardiac function, cardiac anatomy, viability and perfusion which magnetic resonance imaging reliably allows. However, cardiac and respiratory motion and the small size of the coronary vessels present a challenge and require several technical solutions for image optimization. Furthermore, the acquisition protocols need to be adapted to the specific clinical question. This review provides an update on the current clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance coronary angiography, recent technical advances and describes the acquisition protocols in use.
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Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...

