Odontogenic cervical necrotizing fasciitis

Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe soft-tissue infection characterized by diffuse necrosis of fascia and subcutaneous tissue; initially, skin and muscle are usually spared. The trunk, abdomen, perineum, and extremities are the most commonly involved areas. The case of a 55-year-old man with a cervical necrotizing fasciitis from an infected tooth is presented. The medical history, etiology, anatomy, precipitating factors, clinical presentation, and therapy of this infection are discussed. Early recognition allows effective therapy with aggressive surgical intervention, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and supportive care. Misdiagnosis (eg, as cellulitis) and delayed surgical treatment can result in severe systemic toxicity and a mortality rate that approaches 40%.