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Pulmonary and extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 1999-2011
MSMR
|January 15, 2013
Summary
Military service members in endemic areas face coccidioidomycosis risks. Asian/Pacific Islander personnel and those over 40 showed higher infection rates, especially for disseminated disease.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Epidemiology
- Military Health
Background:
- Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the southwestern US.
- Military personnel frequently train and operate in these regions, increasing exposure risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and characteristics of coccidioidomycosis among active component US military service members.
- To identify risk factors and demographic disparities in infection rates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of military health records from 1999-2011.
- Calculation of incidence rates and comparison across demographic groups.
Main Results:
- 483 cases of coccidioidomycosis were diagnosed in service members.
- Extrapulmonary disease occurred in 12% of cases.
- Higher incidence rates were observed in service members of Asian/Pacific Islander race, those over 40, and males.
Conclusions:
- Coccidioidomycosis poses a significant risk to military personnel in endemic areas.
- Specific demographic groups, notably Asian/Pacific Islanders, experience disproportionately higher rates of infection and disseminated disease.
- Preventive measures are crucial to mitigate exposure and infection within the military population.
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