[Hypersomnia with sleep apnea. II]

In the submitted paper the author gives an account of different affection associated with the syndrome of hypersomnia with sleep apnea. They include diseases and malformations with stenosis of the upper airways in the oropharyngeal area, particularly marked during sleep. They comprise also affections of nervous structures which innervate muscles in this area. The author pays attention to the frequent incidence of this syndrome in children with hypertrophic tonsils and adenoid vegetations. In this connection he mentions the cot death syndrome where very often death occurs during the apnoic interval as a result of immaturity of nervous structures which regulate respiration during sleep. The author describes also pathophysiological mechanisms of development of HSA and the diagnosis of this affection where examination by sleep polygraphy is essential. In the subsequent part of the work the author reviews contemporary conservative and surgical treatment of HSA.