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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection.
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Korotkoff Sounds01:12

Korotkoff Sounds

Korotkoff sounds are the specific sounds heard while measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer, typically with a stethoscope or a Doppler device. They are named after Russian physician Nikolai Korotkov, who first described them in 1905. These sounds correspond to turbulent blood flow in the artery as the blood pressure cuff is gradually released after inflation.
During blood pressure assessment, inflating the cuff 30 millimeters of mercury above the patient's systolic blood pressure...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management
07:31

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Published on: September 28, 2022

Bilateral and multiple cavitation sounds during upper cervical thrust manipulation.

James Dunning1, Firas Mourad, Marco Barbero

  • 1Alabama Physical Therapy & Acupuncture, Montgomery, AL, USA. jamesdunning@hotmail.com

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
|January 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During upper cervical HVLA manipulation, cavitation sounds are significantly more likely to occur bilaterally than unilaterally. Expect multiple pops during C1-2 thrust manipulation, challenging traditional single-joint targeting approaches.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management
07:31

Image Acquisition using Portable Sonography for Emergency Airway Management

Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Chiropractic and Osteopathic Medicine
  • Spinal Biomechanics
  • Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Background:

  • The audible popping during high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) manipulation is a known phenomenon.
  • Previous research has not investigated the specific location of cavitation sounds in the upper cervical spine during HVLA thrust manipulation.
  • Understanding cavitation patterns is crucial for refining manipulative techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the side of cavitation during C1-2 rotatory HVLA thrust manipulation.
  • To quantify the number of pops, manipulation duration, and cavitation duration.
  • To compare ipsilateral versus contralateral cavitation occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen asymptomatic participants underwent right and left C1-2 rotatory HVLA thrust manipulations.
  • Skin-mounted microphones were placed bilaterally over the C1 transverse processes to record sound waves.
  • Custom Matlab software analyzed spectrograms and audio feedback to identify cavitation side, duration, and number.

Main Results:

  • Bilateral popping sounds were detected in 91.9% of manipulations, significantly more likely than unilateral sounds (P < 0.001).
  • Of 132 total cavitations, 72 occurred ipsilateral and 60 contralateral, with no significant difference (P = 0.294).
  • The mean number of pops per manipulation was 3.57, with a mean single pop duration of 5.66 ms.

Conclusions:

  • Cavitation during upper cervical HVLA manipulation predominantly occurs bilaterally.
  • Practitioners should anticipate multiple pops, challenging the notion of targeting a single ipsilateral or contralateral facet joint.
  • Findings suggest a need to reconsider traditional approaches to upper cervical manipulative therapy.