Nonlinear optical absorption and stimulated Mie scattering in metallic nanoparticle suspensions

The nonlinear optical properties of four metallic (Au-, Au/Ag-, Ag-, and Pt-) nanoparticle suspensions in toluene have been studied in both femtosecond and nanosecond regimes. Nonlinear transmission measurements in the femtosecond laser regime revealed two-photon absorption (2PA) induced nonlinear attenuation, while in the nanosecond laser regime a stronger nonlinear attenuation is due to both 2PA and 2PA-induced excited-state absorption. In the nanosecond regime, at input pump laser intensities above a certain threshold value, a new type of stimulated (Mie) scattering has been observed. Being essentially different from all other well known molecular (Raman, Brillouin) stimulated scattering effects, the newly observed stimulated Mie scattering from the metallic nanoparticles exhibits the features of no frequency shift and low pump threshold requirement. A physical model of induced Bragg grating initiated by the backward Mie scattering from metallic nanoparticles is proposed to explain the gain mechanism of the observed stimulated scattering effect.