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Abnormal brain network organization in body dysmorphic disorder.

Donatello Arienzo1, Alex Leow, Jesse A Brown

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|January 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is linked to altered brain network organization, particularly in white matter connectivity. These network differences correlate with symptom severity and insight, suggesting BDD involves widespread brain processing disruptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) involves preoccupation with perceived appearance flaws, leading to distress and functional impairment.
  • Prior research indicates information processing abnormalities in BDD, favoring local over global processing.
  • Understanding BDD's neural underpinnings is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whole-brain and regional white matter network organization in individuals with BDD.
  • To examine the relationship between network metrics and BDD symptom severity and insight.
  • To identify specific white matter pathways implicated in BDD.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) was used to acquire data from 14 unmedicated BDD participants and 16 healthy controls.
  • Whole-brain deterministic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography was performed to reconstruct white matter pathways.
  • Graph theory analysis was applied to structural connectivity matrices to derive network metrics.

Main Results:

  • The BDD group exhibited a higher whole-brain mean clustering coefficient compared to controls.
  • Global efficiency of brain networks negatively correlated with BDD symptom severity.
  • Increased edge betweenness centrality was observed in BDD for connections linking the anterior temporal lobe with the occipital cortex and between bilateral occipital poles.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first brain network analysis of BDD, revealing disturbances in structural topological organization.
  • Findings suggest a correlation between clinical symptoms, insight, and white matter network organization in BDD.
  • Abnormal connectivity patterns may underlie information processing deficits in BDD, involving visual and emotional processing pathways.