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Related Concept Videos

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
11:34

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

DEXterity of tolerogenic APCs.

Katherine E R Stagliano1, Joost J Oppenheim

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.

European Journal of Immunology
|January 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Dexamethasone (Dex) treatment identifies tolerogenic macrophages that restore immune tolerance. This approach may offer new therapies for autoimmune diseases and allergies by enhancing regulatory T cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Inducing immune tolerance in autoreactive T cells is a key therapeutic goal.
  • Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, are crucial for immune regulation.
  • Tolerogenic adjuvants offer a strategy to induce immune tolerance via vaccination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the concept of "tolerogenic adjuvants" for inducing immune tolerance.
  • To identify the specific cell populations mediating the tolerogenic effects of dexamethasone (Dex).
  • To characterize the role of Dex-enriched peripheral macrophages in immune tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of mice with dexamethasone (Dex) as a tolerogenic adjuvant.
  • Phenotypic characterization of peripheral macrophage populations.

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Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

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An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
11:34

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
09:51

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 18, 2018

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

  • Analysis of serum levels of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and regulatory T (Treg) cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Dex treatment enriched a specific population of peripheral macrophages.
    • These Dex-enriched macrophages were identified as mediators of Dex's tolerogenic effect.
    • Increased serum levels of IL-10 and Treg cells were observed post-Dex treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Dexamethasone acts as a tolerogenic adjuvant by enriching specific peripheral macrophages.
    • This mechanism involves an increase in IL-10 and Treg cells, promoting immune tolerance.
    • Dex-based tolerogenic adjuvants, combined with relevant peptides, show potential for treating autoimmune diseases and allergies.