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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...

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Related Experiment Video

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Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound for Monitoring Cerebral Blood Flow
09:41

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Published on: March 15, 2021

Advances in transcranial Doppler US: imaging ahead.

Jonathan D Kirsch1, Mahan Mathur, Michele H Johnson

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. jonathan.kirsch@yale.edu

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
|January 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (US) is a noninvasive tool for assessing brain blood vessels. Advanced imaging techniques improve the detection and management of conditions like cerebral vasospasm after aneurysm rupture.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Vascular Ultrasound

Background:

  • Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a noninvasive method for evaluating intracranial vasculature.
  • It is crucial for detecting cerebral vasospasm post-subarachnoid hemorrhage and managing neurological intensive care unit patients.
  • TCD is also valuable in assessing intracranial vessels in sickle cell disease, stroke, and brain death evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical applications and advancements in Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography for intracranial vasculature assessment.
  • To highlight the evolution from blind pulsed Doppler to advanced imaging techniques for vasospasm detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography techniques, including traditional pulsed Doppler and newer gray-scale, spectral Doppler, and color Doppler flow imaging.
  • Discussion of waveform analysis, vessel depth, blood flow direction, and transducer orientation in nonimaging TCD.
  • Emphasis on quantitative measurements like peak systolic velocity, mean flow velocity, and the Lindegaard ratio.

Main Results:

  • Gray-scale and color Doppler flow imaging enable direct visualization of intracranial vessels, simplifying and enhancing accuracy in vasospasm detection.
  • Advanced imaging facilitates differentiation between vasospasm and physiological conditions like hyperemia and autoregulation.
  • Modern TCD techniques offer significant advantages over the original pulsed Doppler method for intracranial vascular evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with gray-scale and color Doppler imaging significantly improves the detection and management of intracranial vascular abnormalities, particularly vasospasm.
  • These enhanced imaging capabilities are vital for optimizing patient care in neurological intensive care settings and for various cerebrovascular conditions.
  • The evolution of TCD technology provides more accurate and reliable assessments of the intracranial vasculature.