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Updated: May 15, 2026

Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis

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Multilocus sequence analysis of Pasteurella multocida demonstrates a type species under development.

Magne Bisgaard¹, Andreas Petersen¹, Henrik Christensen¹

¹Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Microbiology (Reading, England)

|January 19, 2013

Summary

Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) reveals two distinct lineages, A and B, within Pasteurella multocida, challenging subspecies validity. Lineage A likely evolved from lineage B, with ongoing genetic changes impacting Pasteurella multocida evolution.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Microbiology
Bacterial Genomics
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Pasteurella multocida is a significant bacterial pathogen affecting various animal species.
Previous studies suggested the existence of two main lineages, A and B, within P. multocida.
Understanding the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity is crucial for disease control and vaccine development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the evolution of Pasteurella multocida using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
To analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of P. multocida isolates from diverse sources.
To assess the validity of proposed subspecies and lineages within P. multocida.

Main Methods:

MLST was performed on 116 Pasteurella multocida isolates and reference strains using partial sequences of seven housekeeping genes (adk, est, gdh, mdh, pgi, pmi, zwf).
Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on concatenated MLST sequences to delineate lineages.
rpoB and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and PCR were used for lineage assignment.

Main Results:

MLST identified 67 distinct sequence types (STs), confirming the separation into two major groups: lineage A (41 STs, 71 isolates) and lineage B (22 STs, 38 isolates).
Lineage A encompassed most reference serovars, while lineage B was predominantly associated with avian and feline isolates.
Phylogenetic analysis of individual genes suggested that lineage A evolved from lineage B, with ongoing genetic diversification.

Conclusions:

The study supports the existence of two distinct lineages (A and B) within Pasteurella multocida based on MLST data.
The findings question the validity of current subspecies classifications, particularly P. multocida subsp. gallicida, which appears to be an artificial grouping.
Further research is needed to explore the evolutionary implications of lineage B's association with specific hosts and the lack of certain isolates.