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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
Fischer Projections02:18

Fischer Projections

Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines. While...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...

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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Published on: August 18, 2017

Superspiralization of chiral strings.

S V Stovbun1, A A Skoblin, A M Zanin

  • 1N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. s.stovbun@chph.ras.ru

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|January 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Larger helical biomimetic strings spontaneously form from smaller ones in homochiral solutions. This superspiralization phenomenon shows string pitch variability based on formation conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomimetic chemistry
  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Homochiral solutions are crucial for self-assembly processes.
  • Understanding the formation of complex structures from simple units is a key challenge.
  • Biomimetic materials offer insights into natural self-organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of superspiralization in homochiral biomimetic solutions.
  • To characterize the hierarchical structure of self-assembled strings.
  • To explore the factors influencing the helical pitch of these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of homochiral biomimetic solutions.
  • Microscopy techniques to observe string formation and structure.
  • Analysis of string lengths and helical pitch variations.

Main Results:

  • A superspiralization phenomenon was observed, where larger strings assemble from smaller helical strings.
  • String lengths ranged from 10^2 nm to 10^2 μm and longer.
  • The chiral pitch of the strings demonstrated significant variability, dependent on formation conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Homochiral biomimetic solutions can exhibit hierarchical self-assembly.
  • Superspiralization is a mechanism for forming larger, complex helical structures from smaller ones.
  • Formation conditions critically influence the structural characteristics, such as chiral pitch, of self-assembled biomimetic strings.