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Related Concept Videos

Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina

Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
Outer Layers of the Cell Envelope01:18

Outer Layers of the Cell Envelope

The outermost layers of prokaryotic cells play a critical role in their survival, virulence, and interaction with the environment. These layers, often composed of polysaccharides, polypeptides, or proteins, form protective and adhesive structures that vary in organization and function.Capsules and Slime LayersCapsules are highly organized, tightly bound layers that firmly attach to the bacterial cell wall. Capsules are usually made of polysaccharides, though some are made of polypeptides. These...

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Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
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Multilayered hierarchical capsules providing cell adhesion sites.

Clara R Correia1, Rui L Reis, João F Mano

  • 13B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho , Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal.

Biomacromolecules
|January 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

New liquified capsules with poly(l-lysine) shells and microparticle cores support cell growth. These advanced biomaterials enhance cell metabolic activity and proliferation for tissue engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Encapsulation

Background:

  • Cell encapsulation requires biomaterials that support cell survival and function.
  • Anchorage-dependent cells need physical support for viability and proliferation.
  • Developing novel biomaterials for enhanced cell encapsulation is crucial for tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop liquified capsules with a layer-by-layer assembled shell and microparticle core.
  • To investigate the role of poly(l-lysine) in capsule shell properties.
  • To assess the capacity of these capsules to support cell survival and function.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of liquified capsules using layer-by-layer assembly of poly(l-lysine), alginate, and chitosan.
  • Incorporation of surface-functionalized poly(l-lactic acid) microparticles within the capsule core.
  • Analysis of shell properties (growth regime, thickness, stability).
  • Assessment of cell viability, metabolic activity, and proliferation within the capsules.

Main Results:

  • The poly(l-lysine) incorporation resulted in a more resistant and thicker capsule shell with exponential growth.
  • Capsules containing microparticles demonstrated enhanced cell metabolic activity and proliferation.
  • The liquified core facilitated molecule diffusion, while microparticles provided necessary physical support.

Conclusions:

  • The developed liquified capsules effectively support anchorage-dependent cells.
  • Microparticles within the capsule core are essential for promoting cellular functions.
  • These findings suggest potential for innovative biomaterial designs in bioencapsulation and tissue engineering.