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Rotavirus vaccine effectiveness and case-control study on risk factors for breakthrough infections in Germany,

Cornelia Adlhoch1, Marina Hoehne, Martina Littmann

  • 1Postgraduate Training for Applied Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. adlhochc@rki.de

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|January 22, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus (RV) vaccination effectively protects infants from severe disease, with 68% effectiveness against medically attended infections. Breastfeeding and daycare attendance were linked to breakthrough RV infections in a German study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Routine rotavirus (RV) vaccination recommended for infants in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 2009.
  • Investigation prompted by high RV infection rates in fully vaccinated children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Assess rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) in infants.
  • Identify risk factors for breakthrough RV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Intensified RV surveillance from 2010-2011.
  • Case-control study and genotyping of vaccinated and unvaccinated children.
  • Screening method to assess VE up to 24 months post-vaccination.

Main Results:

  • VE was 68% for medically attended RV infection and 80% for hospitalization.
  • Vaccinated children had significantly lower hospitalization rates (23% vs 61%).
  • Breastfeeding (OR 3.99) and daycare (OR 3.42) associated with breakthrough infections.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination provides effective protection against RV disease and reduces severity.
  • Breastfeeding may potentially reduce vaccine effectiveness; further research is needed.
  • Specific RV genotypes showed differing associations with vaccine types (RotaTeq, Rotarix).
Abstract

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