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Infertility in Females

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

In Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Spermatogenesis

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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Published on: October 24, 2025

Infertility: management in Australian general practice.

Carmen Zhang¹, Christopher Harrison, Helena Britt

¹Family Medicine Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Australian Family Physician

|January 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Infertility and subfertility were managed in 652 general practitioner encounters within the Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) program. This represents a low encounter rate of 1.3 per 1000 general practice visits.

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Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

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Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

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Published on: October 24, 2025

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

Area of Science:

General Practice
Reproductive Health
Health Services Research

Background:

Infertility affects a significant portion of the population.
Understanding the management of infertility in primary care is crucial for public health.
The Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) program provides valuable data on primary care encounters.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the frequency of infertility/subfertility management in Australian general practice.
To analyze the encounter rate of infertility/subfertility within a national primary care data set.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from the Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) program.
Inclusion of general practitioner encounters related to infertility/subfertility from April 2007 to March 2012.
Calculation of encounter rates per 1000 general practice visits.

Main Results:

A total of 652 encounters for infertility/subfertility were identified.
These encounters involved 534 general practitioners.
The management of infertility/subfertility occurred at a rate of 1.3 encounters per 1000 general practice visits.

Conclusions:

Infertility/subfertility represents a relatively infrequent reason for general practitioner encounters in Australia.
Further research may be needed to explore patient pathways and management strategies for infertility within primary care.
The BEACH program data offers insights into the prevalence of specific health conditions managed in general practice.