Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Metastasis

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

Metastasis

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Trigeminal neuralgia and persistent idiopathic facial pain (atypical facial pain).

Disease-a-month : DM·2022

Same author

Foreword for: Trigeminal neuralgia and persistent idiopathic facial pain (Atypical facial pain).

Disease-a-month : DM·2022

Same author

Brain reward circuitry: The overlapping neurobiology of trauma and substance use disorders.

World journal of psychiatry·2021

Same author

Perspectives on the opioid crisis from pain medicine clinicians.

Disease-a-month : DM·2018

Same author

Opioid Therapy in Acute and Chronic Pain.

Journal of clinical pharmacology·2018

Same author

Treating postoperative pain in the patient who is in recovery or remission from opioid abuse: Focus on Tapentadol.

Journal of opioid management·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Painful boney metastases.

Howard S Smith¹, Robert L Barkin

¹1Department of Anesthesiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY; Departments of2Anesthesiology 3Family Medicine, and 4Pharmacology, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, IL; 5Department of Anesthesiology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and 6Skokie Hospital Pain Centers, Skokie, IL.

American Journal of Therapeutics

|January 25, 2013

Summary

Cancer-related bone pain affects many patients, causing significant distress and reduced quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of bone metastases can lead to improved pain management and targeted therapies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Area of Science:

Oncology
Pain Management
Skeletal Biology

Background:

Cancer-related pain, particularly bone pain from metastases, is a prevalent issue affecting up to 90% of advanced cancer patients.
Bone metastases, common in breast, lung, and prostate cancers, lead to severe pain, reduced mobility, and decreased quality of life.
Osseous metastases impose a significant economic burden and often result in unrelieved pain for many individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current treatment strategies for painful osseous metastases.
To highlight the impact of bone metastases on patient quality of life and independence.
To emphasize the need for a better understanding of bone metastasis pathophysiology for improved analgesia.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on painful osseous metastases.
Analysis of various treatment modalities including systemic and intrathecal analgesics, radiation, ablative techniques, and targeted therapies.
Discussion of the bi-directional interactions between tumor and bone microenvironment.

Main Results:

A wide array of treatments exist for painful osseous metastases, aiming to alleviate pain and reduce skeletal morbidity.
Despite available treatments, a significant number of patients still suffer from unrelieved pain.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of bone metastasis is crucial for developing more effective and targeted pain therapies.

Conclusions:

Painful osseous metastases significantly impair quality of life and independence.
Current treatment strategies offer multidisciplinary approaches to manage pain and skeletal events.
Further research into the pathophysiology of bone metastases promises to revolutionize analgesia, optimizing pain relief and minimizing adverse effects.