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Pediatric urolithiasis: experience from a tertiary referral center
Abhishek1, Jatinder Kumar, Anil Mandhani
1Department of Urology and Renal transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Raebreali Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P, India.
Journal of Pediatric Urology
|January 26, 2013
Summary
Pediatric urolithiasis management improved with endoscopy. Metabolic abnormalities are common in children with kidney stones and contribute to recurrence, highlighting the need for metabolic workup.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Nephrology
- Surgical Technology
Background:
- Pediatric urolithiasis presents significant morbidity, including kidney damage and potential renal failure.
- Effective management strategies are crucial for minimizing long-term complications in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the management of pediatric urolithiasis at a tertiary referral center.
- To analyze factors influencing stone recurrence and treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for children diagnosed with urolithiasis from August 2003 to October 2011.
- Management strategies were determined by stone burden and location.
- Data analyzed included patient demographics, clinical presentation, management interventions, metabolic workup, and recurrence rates.
Main Results:
- 325 children (378 stone sites) were included; mean age was 8 years (range 3-17), with a 3:1 male to female ratio.
- Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (79%); kidney stones were most frequent (57%).
- 24% of children experienced recurrence, more common with metabolic abnormalities or residual stone fragments.
Conclusions:
- Percutaneous endoscopy and ureteroscopy are safe and effective in children, with outcomes comparable to adults.
- Metabolic abnormalities are prevalent in pediatric urolithiasis patients and are a significant factor in stone recurrence.
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