Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dendritic Cell α-Ketoglutarate Regulates Tfh Polarization in Allergy.

Allergy·2026
Same author

IgA is necessary and sufficient to prevent norovirus infection in mice.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Identity, ontogeny, and age-related changes in splenic white pulp macrophages in mouse and human spleen.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mixed Signals: T Cells as Architects of IgE Immunity.

Immunological reviews·2026
Same author

Extrafollicular and other non-germinal center B cell responses.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same author

DOCK8 and STAT3 cooperate to restrain IgE-inducing T follicular helper cells.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

Beyond pattern recognition: NOD-like receptors in dendritic cells.

Jayendra Kumar Krishnaswamy1, Thach Chu, Stephanie C Eisenbarth

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|January 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Adaptive immunity requires coordinated pattern recognition receptor (PRR) activation within dendritic cells. This interaction, involving NOD-like receptors (NLRs), is crucial for generating effective immune responses.

More Related Videos

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
18:08

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation

Published on: December 31, 2007

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
18:08

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation

Published on: December 31, 2007

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro
06:12

Study of Dendritic Cell Development by Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in a Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Line In vitro

Published on: March 7, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The concept of innate instruction of adaptive immunity highlights the interaction between innate and adaptive immune systems.
  • Dendritic cells and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are key mediators in initiating adaptive immune responses.
  • Understanding how innate immune receptors shape adaptive immunity is an ongoing area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in immune responses.
  • To propose a new model for adaptive immunity that emphasizes coordinated PRR activation in dendritic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on innate immune receptors, particularly NLRs.
  • Analysis of the interaction between PRRs on dendritic cells and T cell priming.
  • Development of a conceptual model for adaptive immunity.

Main Results:

  • Overwhelming evidence supports the necessity of innate and adaptive immune system interaction for immunity.
  • PRRs on dendritic cells translate inflammatory signals into T cell responses.
  • NLRs play varied roles in immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive immunity necessitates coordinated PRR activation within dendritic cells.
  • A deeper understanding of NLR function is crucial for elucidating adaptive immunity generation.
  • This work proposes a refined model for how innate signals shape adaptive immunity.