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Noninvasive vascular elastography using plane-wave and sparse-array imaging.

Sanghamithra Korukonda1, Rohit Nayak, Nancy Carson

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Sparse array (SA) elastography provides clear carotid artery strain elastograms comparable to plane-wave (PW) and compounded-plane-wave (CPW) imaging. SA imaging also offers lower side-lobe levels, making it a promising technique for noninvasive vascular elastography.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Ultrasound Technology

Background:

  • Carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque rupture is a major cause of stroke.
  • Noninvasive vascular elastography (NIVE) assesses carotid artery mechanical properties related to plaque rupture.
  • Current Cartesian coordinate strain elastograms are difficult to interpret; Sparse Array (SA) elastography uses polar coordinates to improve interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the image quality of elastograms produced by Sparse Array (SA) imaging, plane-wave (PW) imaging, and compounded-plane-wave (CPW) imaging.
  • To assess the clinical feasibility of SA elastography for carotid artery imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Studies were conducted on simulated and physical vessel phantoms, and a healthy volunteer's carotid artery.
  • All imaging used a 128-element, 5 MHz linear transducer array.
  • SA imaging transmitted with 7 elements and received with 128; PW imaging used all 128 elements for transmission and reception; CPW imaging compounded beams steered from -15° to 15°.

Main Results:

  • SA, PW, and CPW imaging produced comparable radial and circumferential strain elastograms.
  • SA imaging exhibited 20 dB lower side-lobe levels than PW imaging and 10 dB lower than CPW imaging.
  • SA imaging demonstrated good performance in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • SA elastography effectively visualizes carotid artery strain distribution in polar coordinates, aiding interpretation.
  • SA imaging offers superior side-lobe reduction compared to PW and CPW methods.
  • SA imaging is a viable technique for noninvasive vascular elastography, with potential for further development and preclinical studies.