Sarcoidosis of the thyroid gland and spinal canal: unique localizations

Sarcoid involvement of the thyroid gland and spinal canal are rare individual manifestations of sarcoidosis. In this article, we will describe two concurrent cases of spinal canal and thyroid sarcoid involvement. Diagnostic criteria usually include histologic identification of a non-caseating granuloma, supportive laboratory or imaging tests or both, and a compatible clinical course. Our goal is to discuss the presentations and clinical manifestations of our patients, and we will also review the literature involving sarcoid involvement of the spinal canal and thyroid. Although rare, atypical locations of sarcoid should remain suspected for those patients known to have sarcoid involvement in other organ(s) or found to have granulomatous involvement on pathology.