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Compact directional acoustic sensor using a multi-fiber optical probe.

J A Bucaro1, N Lagakos, B H Houston

  • 1Excet, Inc., 8001 Braddock Road, Suite 105, Springfield, Virginia 22151, USA. joseph.bucaro.ctr@nrl.navy.mil

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|February 1, 2013
PubMed
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This study introduces a compact directional acoustic sensor using optical fibers and a cantilever. It offers low power, long life, and directional sensitivity for remote, low-frequency sound detection.

Area of Science:

  • Acoustic sensing
  • Optical instrumentation
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Traditional acoustic sensors often lack directional sensitivity or require significant power.
  • Remote, low-frequency monitoring applications demand sensors with long operational lifetimes and low power consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel compact directional acoustic sensor.
  • To develop and validate an analytical model for the sensor's acoustic response.
  • To assess the sensor's suitability for remote, low-frequency applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-fiber optical probe, light emitting diode (LED), photo-diode detector, and a cantilever with an optical reflector.
  • Investigated directional sensitivity based on the cosine dependence of reflected light on displacement angle.

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  • Constructed an analytical model, verified with finite element analysis and experimental measurements in air.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated directional acoustic sensing by modulating reflected light with cantilever displacement.
    • Achieved directional sensitivity dependent on the cosine of the angle between the probe and displacement.
    • Validated the analytical model and explored the influence of acoustic drag force on sensor response.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optical acoustic sensor is compact, directional, and low-power.
    • Its characteristics make it suitable for remote, low-frequency sensing with extended operating lifetimes.
    • The validated model aids in predicting sensor performance across various frequencies and conditions.