Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 14, 2026

Microinjectrode System for Combined Drug Infusion and Electrophysiology
Published on: November 13, 2019
Design, fabrication, and characterization of an electrochemically-based dose tracking system for closed-loop drug
Roya Sheybani1, Nestor E Cabrera-Munoz, Tania Sanchez
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1111, USA. rsheyban@usc.edu
Abstract:
A real-time integrated electrochemically-based dose tracking system for closed-loop drug delivery is presented. Thin film Pt sensors were integrated in an electrolytic MEMS drug delivery pump to allow dose tracking via electrochemical impedance measurement. Measurement electrode placement and composition were investigated. A bolus resolution of 230 nL was demonstrated. The sensor was calibrated for use with water (low conductivity) and 1 × PBS (high conductivity), the selected model aqueous drugs. The impedance response is dependent on delivered volume and not affected by actuation parameters. A graphical user interface was created for real-time impedance based dose tracking and leakage/blockage detection in the system. Drift in the impedance response of an idle system after perturbation (actuation) were investigated and mitigated through the use of Pt wire electrodes as opposed to thin film electrodes.
Related Concept Videos
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

