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Quantum metrology in non-Markovian environments.

Alex W Chin1, Susana F Huelga, Martin B Plenio

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Universität Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.

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Summary

Quantum phase estimation precision bounds are analyzed under non-Markovian noise. Quantum correlated states outperform uncorrelated ones, surpassing the standard quantum limit due to coherent system-environment dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Metrology
  • Quantum Sensing

Background:

  • Phase estimation is crucial for quantum sensing and metrology.
  • Markovian noise simplifies analysis but may not reflect realistic scenarios.
  • Non-Markovian noise introduces memory effects, complicating quantum state evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate precision bounds for local phase estimation under general non-Markovian phase noise.
  • To determine if the metrological equivalence of quantum states holds in non-Markovian environments.
  • To explore the potential advantages of quantum correlated states in non-Markovian noise.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of precision bounds for local phase estimation.
  • Utilizing an exactly solvable model of a finite bandwidth dephasing environment.
  • Comparing metrological performance of product (uncorrelated) and entangled (correlated) states.

Main Results:

  • The metrological equivalence between product and entangled states fails under non-Markovian dephasing.
  • Quantum correlated states outperform uncorrelated states in non-Markovian environments.
  • The observed advantage stems from coherent system-environment dynamics, surpassing the standard quantum limit.

Conclusions:

  • Non-Markovian dynamics fundamentally alter metrological precision bounds compared to Markovian noise.
  • Quantum correlated states offer enhanced performance in realistic, non-Markovian noise scenarios.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering environmental coherence for optimal quantum sensing strategies.