Triboelectric spray ionization.

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Mass Spectrometry
• Surface Science

Background:

• Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a key technique in mass spectrometry for analyzing biomolecules.
• Existing ESI methods often require high voltages and specific instrumental setups.
• A need exists for simpler, more accessible ionization techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce and characterize Triboelectric Spray Ionization (TESI) as a novel ionization method.
• To evaluate TESI's performance for protein and peptide analysis.
• To demonstrate TESI's efficiency using readily available components and natural electrostatic potentials.

Main Methods:

• TESI utilizes a pneumatic spray with adjustable flow rates and gas pressures.
• The ion source incorporates a standalone spray assembly, with an optional metal mesh.
• Ionization is achieved through the electrostatic potential difference between electrodes, with variable potential application for enhanced efficiency.

Main Results:

• TESI successfully ionized various proteins and peptides across different solvents and conditions.
• Observed charge-state distributions were comparable to established ESI techniques.
• Efficient spraying and gentle ionization were achieved, even with potentials comparable to human body static charge.

Conclusions:

• TESI presents a versatile and efficient alternative to traditional ESI methods.
• The technique's reliance on static charge makes it accessible and cost-effective.
• TESI demonstrates significant potential for routine analysis of peptides and proteins.